Session 1 · TRACE: Accounts
The flagstaff and Ruapekapeka
- 10 minWhy a flagstaff? For Hōne Heke it had become a symbol of who held authority. He cut it down four times in 1844–45.
- 20 minPicture as source: study the 1908 painting of Heke cutting the flagstaff. When was it made? By whom? What does it want you to feel? Compare it with Heke's own words and a British report.
- 15 minThe Northern War 1845–46: follow the battles on a map, ending at Ruapekapeka. Note that Ngāpuhi fought on both sides. Who 'won'? Why is that hard to say?
- 5 minKārearea asks one question: 'Which account would you trust most to explain Heke's reasons, and why?'
Session 2 · TRACE: Causes & Consequences
Kīngitanga and Parihaka
- 10 minQuiet focus: read Te Whiti's words to the ploughmen in 1879. What was he asking them to do?
- 15 minRead 'Parihaka and the Kīngitanga'. Timeline walk: confiscation, the ploughing campaign, laws that allowed imprisonment without trial, 5 November 1881, the apology in 2017.
- 20 minTwo responses, one problem: compare the Kīngitanga (uniting iwi under a king) and Parihaka (peaceful resistance) in a Venn diagram. What did each try to protect? What did each cost?
- 5 minExit card: why might peaceful resistance be harder than fighting?
Getting started
Use the source-detective card with sentence starters for the painting.
Stretch
Compare the Parihaka ploughing campaign with the Montgomery bus boycott. What made each strategy work, or not?
Checkpoint
The group's draft names at least two accounts of the same event and explains why they differ.
Activities for this week
- Reading a picture as a source: What can a painting made 60 years later tell us about Hōne Heke?
- What made Parihaka's resistance work?: How can people resist without violence, and what does it cost them?
Useful this week
- Hōne Heke cuts down the flagstaff ↗ The flagstaff protests and what they meant.
- Ruapekapeka Pā ↗ The pā where the Northern War ended, and how Kawiti designed it.
- Kīngitanga – the Māori King movement ↗ Why iwi united under a king, and what followed.
- Parihaka ploughing campaign begins ↗ How the peaceful protest at Parihaka began in 1879.
- Parihaka ↗ The people of Parihaka telling their own story today.
- Ngā rōpū tautohetohe – Māori protest movements ↗ From Ngā Tamatoa to the Land March and beyond.